Usage du cash au Maroc

Role des caracteristiques sociodemographiques

Auteurs

  • Abderrahim RHAFEL Laboratoire INREDD, FSJES, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc.
  • Mustapha ZIKY Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc
  • Anas LIMAM Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.23882/emss26261

Mots-clés :

Cash, Comportement de paiement, Caractéristiques sociodémographiques, Maroc

Résumé

Malgré la progression des moyens de paiement électroniques, le cash demeure le moyen de paiement dominant au Maroc, ce qui interroge le rôle des caractéristiques sociodémographiques dans les comportements de paiement des individus. Cet article analyse l’usage du cash en se focalisant sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques. L’analyse s’appuie sur des données issues d’une enquête par questionnaire menée auprès de 638 individus bancarisés, responsables des décisions financières de leur ménage, et analysées à l’aide d’un modèle de régression logistique. Les résultats indiquent que l’usage du cash dépend étroitement des profils sociodémographiques des individus, mettant en évidence une hétérogénéité marquée des comportements de paiement au sein de la population marocaine. L’étude contribue à une meilleure compréhension des déterminants sociodémographiques de l’usage du cash et fournit des éléments utiles pour orienter les politiques favorisant une adoption inclusive et progressive des moyens de paiement électroniques.

Références

Agarwal, M., & Khatri, M. (2024). From Cash-Centric to Cashless Economy-A Study on User′ s Awareness towards Digital Payment Systems. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 28(1).

Alvarez, F., & Lippi, F. (2009). Financial Innovation and the Transactions Demand for Cash. Econometrica, 77(2), 363‑402. https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA7451

Alvarez, F., & Lippi, F. (2017). Cash burns : An inventory model with a cash-credit choice. Journal of Monetary Economics, 90, 99‑112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2017.07.001

Annisaa, M. N., Nuryasman, M. N., & Geraldina, I. (2023). Factors Affecting The Choice Of Payment Method In Modern Retail Shops. Jurnal Ekonomi, 28(3), 327‑348. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v28i3.1780

Arango, C., Huynh, K. P., & Sabetti, L. (2015). Consumer payment choice : Merchant card acceptance versus pricing incentives. Journal of Banking & Finance, 55, 130‑141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2015.02.005

Aurazo, J., & Vega, M. (2021). Why people use digital payments : Evidence from micro data in Peru. Latin American Journal of Central Banking, 2(4), 100044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.latcb.2021.100044

Bagnall, J., Bounie, D., Huynh, K. P., Kosse, A., Schmidt, T., & Schuh, S. (2018). Consumer cash usage : A cross-country comparison with payment diary survey data. 46th issue (December 2016) of the International Journal of Central Banking. https://www.ijcb.org/journal/ijcb16q4a1.pdf

Bahri, S., Suroso, A. I., Suhendi, & Sari, L. K. (2025). Examining Cash Usage Behavior in Metropolitan Greater Jakarta Societies. Societies, 15(5), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15050120

Bank Al-Maghrib. (2023). Rapport annuel sur les infrastructures des marchés financiers et les moyens de paiement, leur surveillance et l’inclusion financière—Exercice 2023. https://www.bkam.ma/Publications-et-recherche/Publications-institutionnelles/Rapport-annuel-sur-les-infrastructures-des-marches-financiers-et-les-moyens-de-paiement-leur-surveillance-et-l-inclusion-financiere/Rapport-annuel-sur-les-infrastructures-des-marches-financiers-et-les-moyens-de-paiement-leur-surveillance-et-l-inclusion-financiere-exercice-2023

Boeschoten, W. C., & Fase, M. M. G. (1992). The Demand for Large Bank Notes. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 24(3), 319‑337. https://doi.org/10.2307/1992720

Borzekowski, R., Elizabeth, K. K., & Shaista, A. (2008). Consumers’ Use of Debit Cards : Patterns, Preferences, and Price Response. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 40(1), 149‑172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00107.x

Bounie, D., Bourreau, M., François, A., & Verdier, M. (2008). La détention et l’usage des instruments de paiement en france. Revue d’économie financière, 91, 53‑76.

Bounie, D., & François, A. (2006). Les déterminants de la détention et de l’usage des instruments de paiement : Éléments théoriques et empiriques. Revue d’économie financière, 83, 159‑176.

Cevik, S., & Teber, D. (2021). The Determinants of Consumer Cash Usage in Turkey. Working Papers, Article 2135. https://ideas.repec.org//p/tcb/wpaper/2135.html

Connolly, S., & Stavins, J. (2015). Payment Instrument Adoption and Use in the United States, 2009-2013, by Consumers’ Demographic Characteristics. Research Data Reports Paper, 15‑6. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2709920

Deák, V., Nemecskó, I., & Végső, T. (2021). Payment habits of the Hungarian households in 2020 (Working Paper No. 143). MNB Occasional Papers. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/272879

Delaney, L., McClure, N., & Finlay, R. (2020). Cash Use in Australia : Results from the 2019 Consumer Payments Survey. Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin, 2, 43-54.

Delgado, O., & Vivero, J. B. (2023). Determinantes del Uso de Efectivo en América Latina. Revista Politécnica, 51(2), 73‑86. https://doi.org/10.33333/rp.vol51n2.07

Di Iorio, A., & Rocco, G. (2022). Easier Said Than Done : Why Italians Pay in Cash While Preferring Cashless (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 4463072). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4463072

Drehmann, M., Goodhart, C., Krueger, M., Boldrin, M., & Rose, A. (2002). The Challenges Facing Currency Usage : Will the Traditional Transaction Medium Be Able to Resist Competition from the New Technologies? Economic Policy, 17(34), 195‑227.

European Central Bank. (2021). Study on the payment attitudes of consumers in the euro area (SPACE). Publications Office. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2866/240571

Greene, C., Perry, J., & Stavins, J. (2024). Consumer Payment Behavior by Income and Demographics (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 4914698). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.29412/res.wp.2024.08

Harasim, J., & Klimontowicz, M. (2022). Payment Features and Incentives as Drivers for Non-cash Payments Usage–the Evidence from Poland. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H–Oeconomia, 56(3), 37‑59.

Jonker, N. (2005). Payment instruments as perceived by consumers–a public survey. Netherlands: Netherlands Central Bank. DNB, 053. https://www.academia.edu/download/70141819/Payment_Instruments_as_Perceived_by_Cons20210923-20839-kwzbsa.pdf

Kajdi, L. (2022). Consumer payment preferences in the euro area. ECB Working Paper. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/269136

Kotkowski, R., & Manikowski, A. (2023). Cash usage in Poland in 2020 : Insights into the role of the COVID-19 pandemic and spatial aspects. Journal of Banking and Financial Economics, 2023(1(19)), 85‑113. https://doi.org/10.7172/2353-6845.jbfe.2023.1.5

Mäder, A., Jüttner, M., & Gatica-Perez, D. (2024). You Are How You Pay : Understanding and Identifying the Payment Behavior of Sociodemographic Groups (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 5064475). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5064475

Politronacci, E., Moret, A., Bounie, D., & François, A. (2018). Use of cash in France : The payment method of choice for low-value purchases. Quarterly selection of articles-Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, 220, 1‑9.

Rhafel, A., Mustapha, Z., & Limam, A. (2025). Analyse du comportement de paiement au Maroc. Dossiers de Recherches en Économie et Gestion, 13(02), 213‑232. https://doi.org/10.34874/IMIST.PRSM/doreg-v13i02.59541

Rusu, C., & Stix, H. (2017). Cash and card payments–recent results of the Austrian payment diary survey. Monetary Policy and the Economy Q, 1, 19‑31.

Sahabat, I., Dartanto, T., Passay, H. A., & Widyawati, D. (2017). Electronics Payment Decisions of the Indonesian Urban Households : A Nested Logit Analysis of the Effects of the Payment Characteristics. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(5), 498.

Santomero, A. M., & Seater, J. J. (1996). Alternative monies and the demand for media of exchange. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 28(4), 942-960.

Schuh, S., & Stavins, J. (2010). Why are (some) consumers (finally) writing fewer checks? The role of payment characteristics. Journal of Banking & Finance, 34(8), 1745‑1758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2009.09.018

Schuh, S., & Stavins, J. (2012). How consumers pay : Adoption and use of payments. Working Papers. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/96445

Stavins, J. (2001). Effect of Consumer CharacteristicsontheUse of Payment Instruments. New England Economic Review(Issue Number 3), 19‑31.

Stavins, J. (2016). The effect of demographics on payment behavior : Panel data with sample selection. Working Papers. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/171759

Szafranska, M., Matysik-Pejas, R., & Zmija, J. (2014). Factors determining the development of non-cash payments in rural areas in Poland. Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing, 10(7). https://www.academia.edu/download/37429817/JMAA_2014.7.pdf#page=94

Tagat, A., Özmen, M., & Trivedi, P. L. (2019). Consumer payments survey of India : A closer look at household finances and payment instruments. NCAER National Data Innovation Centre Report.

Van der Cruijsen, C., & Plooij, M. (2015). Changing Payment Patterns at Point-of-Sale : Their Drivers (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 2602219). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2602219

Whitesell, W. C. (1989). The demand for currency versus debitable accounts : Note. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 21(2), 246‑251.

Zamora-Pérez, A., Marini, A., & Honkkila, J. (2024). Is there a digital divide in payments? Understanding why cash remains important for so many. Economic Bulletin Articles, 2. https://ideas.repec.org/a/ecb/ecbart/202400022.html

Téléchargements

Publiée

2026-01-18

Comment citer

RHAFEL, A., ZIKY , M., & LIMAM, A. (2026). Usage du cash au Maroc: Role des caracteristiques sociodemographiques. RMd • Economics, Management & Social Sciences, 3(1), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.23882/emss26261